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Hydrogels are widely used in the biomedical field as substrates for cell culture, templates for tissue engineering, and vehicles for the delivery of active substances. Due to their three-dimensional, porous and hydrophilic structures, these materials have characteristics very close to natural living tissue and are able to absorb large amounts of water and biological fluids [1]. Known as reversible or physical gels, these materials have a highly reticulate structure attributable to the presence of crosslinking agents in their composition; this facilitates the incorporation and encapsulation of a variety of molecules and substrates in their pores such as cells, proteins, peptides and active substances ascribed to high diffusion capacity [2]. Depending on the molecular interactions involved during the formation of the network (ionic forces, hydrogen bonding or hydrophobic forces), hydrogels may have their structure, as well as their viscoelasticity, solubility and porosity altered by varying environmental conditions such as pH, ionic strength, light or temperature. Furthermore, depending on the nature of the functional groups present in the polymer, hydrogels may present positively or negatively charged moieties within their structure, which facilitates not only the process of swelling upon variations in pH, but also alterations in their spatial shape when exposed to an electric field [3]. The miniaturization of hydrogels to the nano- and microscale allows the construction of adaptable materials for applications where diffusion capacity inside and outside the particles is critical. Additionally, when applied to cell-based therapies, liquid micro-lenses, cancer therapy or drug delivery applications, nanogels or microgels can improve the bioavailability of therapeutic agents and their stability against chemical and enzymatic degradation, as well as prolonging drug or gene effects in target tissue [4]. 2b1af7f3a8